Himalayan Geology, Vol. 42 (1), 2021, pp. 175-188, Printed in India
Assessment of the impact of the municipal solid waste on Hydrochemistry of the Surface and Groundwater quality of Dehradun district of Uttarakhand: Seasonal variation in water quality
KANCHAN DEOLI BAHUKHANDI*, RITESH SAINI, NEELU JYOTI AHUJA, DIVYA THAKUR, NIHAL ANWAR SIDDIQUI
University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
*Email (Corresponding Author): kanchan@ddn.upes.ac.in
Abstract: The present study discusses the impact of non-segregated municipal solid and sewage wastes on surface and ground water in different wards of Dehradun city of Uttarakhand. An analytical study on surface and groundwater quality have been carried out to assess hydrochemistry of surface and ground water, and to identify the impact of improper disposal of municipal solid waste on water quality. Physiochemical analyses have been carried out to understand the factor controlling hydrochemistry of the season. Water sampling and analysis have been carried out in three different seasons viz. pre monsoon (April -May), monsoon (July- August) and post monsoon seasons (October - November) respectively to study the seasonal variations of water quality. The water quality parameters have been compared with BIS standards to understand the suitability of water for drinking and irrigation purposes.
A total sixty surface and ground water samples have been collected from each ward of Dehradun city in three seasons representing winter, monsoon and post monsoon seasons respectively. The study on seasonal variations in surface and ground water quality have been conducted by analyzing physicochemical parameters such as pH, temperature, TDS, EC, HCO3 -, SO2-4, Cl-, NO3-3, PO--4, F, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+ and total hardness and heavy metals i.e. Pb, Cu and Fe. The hydrochemistry of water indicated that HCO3 was the most dominant ion among anions followed by SO4, Cl, PO4, NO3, and F and among cations, the Ca was most dominant ion followed by Mg, Na and K. Order of abundance of major anions and cations were HCO3>SO4>Cl>Mg>PO4>Na>NO3>K>F and Ca>Mg>Na>K. The highest concentrations of ions were found in pre monsoon followed by post monsoon and monsoon seasons. The high concentration of ions may be attributed to increased evaporations of ions during pre-monsoon season and while least concentration of ions most probably attributed due to dissolution of ions during precipitation of rainfall in the monsoon season. The suitability of water for irrigation purposes have been assessed by calculating SAR (sodium absorption ratio), PI (permeability index), Na%, RSC (residual sodium carbonate) and Wilcox diagram. The parameters such as total hardness, SO4, Mg and Fe has crossed maximum permissible limit of BIS standard of drinking water quality at few locations of different ward of Dehradun city.
Keywords: Municipal solid waste, Water quality, Soil pollution, Seasonal variation.
